🇮🇳 Bihar Chunav 2025: Niyam Ullanghan Aur Loktantra Par Sawaal
Ek Vishesh Nirvachan Vishleshan)
RESEARCH OF DHRUE RATHIE ON BIHAR ELECTION
 |
| Dhrue rathie |
Haal hi mein sampann hue Bihar Vidhan Sabha chunavon ki nishpakshata (fairness) par gambheer sawal uthe hain. Chunav prakriya mein aisi anek gadbadiyan aur niyam ullanghan saamne aaye hain, jo desh ke chunavi itihaas mein ab tak ke sabse an-fair chunaav hone ka daawa karte hain. Neeche aise chhah (6) pramukh binduon ka vishleshan kiya gaya hai jo chunav aayog aur sarkari machinery ki bhumika par chinta prakat karte hain.
1. ₹10,000 Ka Mamla: Chunavi Aachaar Sanhita Ka Khula Ullanghan
Chunav ke dauran, Nirvachan Aachaar Sanhita (Model Code of Conduct - MCC) lagu hone ke bavajood, rajya ki mahilaon ke bank account mein ₹10,000 ki rashi transfer ki gayi.
Aachaar Sanhita Ka Ullanghan: MCC ke niyam spasht roop se sarkaron ko chunav ke dauran koi bhi nai yojana shuru karne ya aarthik laabh dene se rokte hain. Iske bavajood, yeh dhanrashi chunav ke pahle aur doosre charan se theek pehle transfer ki gayi.
Virodhi Udhaharan: Purva mein, chunav aayog ne Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh aur Telangana jaise rajyon mein chunav ke dauraan aisi hi welfare schemes ko turant rok diya tha. Lekin, hairani ki baat hai ki Bihar ke mamle mein, kendriya agencyyon ne ise rokne ke liye koi kadam nahi uthaya.
Volunteers Ki Niyukti: Iske alawa, jin mahilaon ko yeh rashi mili thi, unmein se ek badi sankhya ko chunavi prakriya mein volunteers (Jeevika Didi) ke roop mein niyukt kiya gaya, jisne is poori prakriya ki nishpakshata par sawal khade kiye.
2. Duplikat (Duplicate) Matdataon Ka Maujood Hona
Chunavi matdata soochi mein bade paimane par farzi aur duplikat matdataon ki upasthiti ek aur gambheer vishay raha.
Vibhinn Rajyon Mein Matdaan: Aise kai mamle saamne aaye jahan matdataon ne desh ke alag-alag rajyon (jaise Haryana aur Delhi) aur Bihar, dono jagah matdaan kiya.
Jaanch Mein Asafalta: Matdata soochi ki shuddhikaran (cleaning) ke liye Special Intensive Revision (SIR) abhiyan chalaya gaya tha, lekin iske bavajood 14 lakh se zyada sandigdh (suspected) duplikat matdata soochi mein bane rahe.
Software Ka Anupayog: Matdata soochi se farzi naamon ko hatane ke liye maujood, lekin aasan software ka upyog na karna is prakriya par bade sawal khade karta hai.
3. Matdataon Ke Liye 'Special Trains' Ka Sanchalan
Rajneetik dalon dwara Haryana jaise doosre rajyon se matdataon ko Bihar tak laane ke liye vishesh (special) trainon ka sanchalan kiya gaya.
Jana-Pratinidhitva Adhiniyam Ka Ullanghan: The Representation of the People Act, 1951 ke anusaar, chunav ladne wala koi bhi ummeedwar ya party matdataon ko voteing ke liye muft parivahan ki suvidha nahi de sakti. Aisa karna 'bhrasht aacharan' (corrupt practice) mana jaata hai.
AC Ki Chuppi: Itna bada niyam ullanghan hone par bhi, chunav aayog ne in trainon ko rokne ya is par koi karyawahi karne se parhez kiya.
4. CCTV Footage Ke Niyamon Mein Achanak Badlav
Chunav mein gadbadi ke saboot chhupane ke liye, sarkari star par chunav ke niyamon mein badlav kiye gaye.
Saboot Chhupana: Conduct of Election Rules, 1961 mein sanshodhan karke CCTV footage ko 'chunavi kaagaz' (Election Papers) ki soochi se hata diya gaya. Iska matlab hai ki ab kisi bhi vyakti ya yahan tak ki adalat dwara bhi is footage ki maang nahi ki jaa sakti.
45 Din Mein Footage Delete: Iske alawa, ek naya niyam bana kar yeh ghoshna ki gayi ki chunav parinaam ghoshit hone ke 45 din ke bheetar CCTV footage ko hamesha ke liye mita diya jayega.
5. Vote Soochi Se Badi Sankhya Mein Naamon Ka Hataya Jaana
Special Intensive Revision (SIR) abhiyan ke dauraan vote soochi se karib 46 se 80 lakh logon ke naam hata diye gaye.
Nishchit Vargon Par Asar: Vishleshan mein yeh paya gaya ki yeh deletion vishesh roop se un kshetro aur samudayon ko zyada prabhaavit karta hai jinka matdaan rukh (voting trend) aam taur par vipaksh ki taraf hota hai.
Simanchal: Is kshetra mein pure rajya ke muqable sabse zyada naam vote soochi se hataaye gaye.
Alpsankhyak Samudaay: Deletion se prabhaavit logon mein alpsankhyak samudaay ka pratishat unki kul aabadi ke anupaat se kaafi zyada tha.
Matdaan Ke Din Shikayatein: Matdaan kendron par kai matdataon ne is baat ki shikayat ki ki unka naam soochi mein tha hi nahi, ya unhe bataya gaya ki unka matdaan pehle hi ho chuka hai, jabki unhone vote daala hi nahi tha.
6. Chunav Aayog Ki Niyukti Aur Suraksha Par Prashn
Chunav Aayog ki nishpakshata aur unke adhikariyon ko di gayi vishesh suraksha ne poore chunavi vyavastha par gambheer sawal uthaye hain.
Niyukti Prakriya Mein Badlav: Supreme Court ke ek aadesh ko palatne ke liye, ek naye kaanoon ke madhyam se Chief Justice of India (CJI) ko chunav aayukton ki niyukti committee se hata diya gaya, jisse sarkaar ke liye apni pasand ke aayukton ki niyukti karna aasan ho gaya.
Kanooni Suraksha (Immunity): Ek aur mahatvapoorn sanshodhan ke tahat, chunav aayukton ko unki official duty ke dauraan kiye gaye kisi bhi karya ke liye jeevan bhar mukadme se chhoot (legal immunity) de di gayi. Isse unki jawabdehi (accountability) poori tarah se samapt ho jaati hai.
Upasanhār: Loktantra Ka Bhavishya
Uprokt tathya aur niyam ullanghan yeh spasht karte hain ki Bihar chunav kisi bhi tarah se ek swasth aur nishpaksh chunav nahi the. Jab chunav aayog jaise sanvaidhanik sansthan ki nishpakshata par hi itne prashn uthte hain aur kaanuni suraksha dekar unki jawabdehi khatm kar di jaati hai, to nishpaksh janadesh ki ummeed kam ho jaati hai.
Aisi sthiti mein, yeh maamle ab kewal raajneetik mudde nahi hain, balki yeh seedhe taur par desh ki loktantrik vyavastha ke bhavishya par sawal khade karte hain, jinke liye sarkari aur nyayik dono star par turant aur kadi karyawahi ki aavashyakta hai.